The Governments of Europe
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Chapters (871)(click to expand)
- THE GOVERNMENTS OF EUROPE
- THE GOVERNMENTS OF EUROPE
- PROFESSOR OF POLITICAL SCIENCE IN THE UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN AUTHOR OF "SOCIAL PROGRESS IN CONTEMPORARY EUROPE"
- To My Father
- PREFACE
- TABLE OF CONTENTS
- GOVERNMENTS OF EUROPE PART I.—GREAT BRITAIN
- CHAPTER I
- I. The Importance of Historical Background
- II. Anglo-Saxon Beginnings
- III. The Norman-Plantagenet Period
- IV. The Rise of Parliament
- V. Administrative and Judicial Development
- VI. The Tudor Monarchy
- VII. Parliament under the Tudors
- VIII. The Stuarts: Crown and Parliament
- IX. The Later Stuarts: the Revolution of 1688-1689
- CHAPTER II
- I. Crown and Parliament after 1789
- II. Rise of the Cabinet and of Political Parties
- III. The Scottish and Irish Unions
- IV. The Nature and Sources of the Constitution
- V. The Flexibility of the Constitution
- CHAPTER III
- I. The Crown: Legal Status and Privileges
- II. The Powers of the Crown
- III. The Importance and Strength of the Monarch
- IV. Privy Council, Ministry, and Cabinet
- V. The Executive Departments
- VI. The Cabinet: Composition and Character
- VII. The Cabinet in Action
- CHAPTER IV
- I. The House of Commons Prior to 1832
- II. Parliamentary Reform, 1832-1885
- III. The Franchise and the Electoral Questions of To-day
- IV. Electoral Procedure and Regulations
- CHAPTER V
- I. Composition
- II. The Reform of the Lords: the Question prior to 1909
- III. The Question of the Lords, 1909-1911
- IV. The Parliament Act of 1911 and After
- CHAPTER VI
- I. The Assembling of the Chambers
- II. Organization of the House of Commons
- III. Organization of the House of Lords
- IV. Privileges of the Houses and of Members
- V. The Functions of Parliament
- VI. General Aspects of Parliamentary Procedure
- VII. The Conduct of Business in the Two Houses
- CHAPTER VII
- I. Parliamentarism and the Party System
- II. Parties in the Later Eighteenth and Earlier Nineteenth Centuries.
- III. The Second Era of Whig [Liberal] Ascendancy, 1830-1874
- IV. The Second Era of Conservative Ascendancy, 1874-1905
- V. The Liberal Revival
- VI. The Rule of the Liberals, 1906-1912
- VII. The Parties of To-day
- CHAPTER VIII
- I. English Law
- II. The Inferior Courts
- III. The Higher Courts
- IV. Local Government to the Municipal Corporations Act, 1835
- V. Local Government Reform, 1835-1912
- VI. Local and Central Government
- VII. Local Government To-day: Rural
- VIII. Local Government To-day: Urban
- PART II.—GERMANY
- CHAPTER IX
- I. Political Development Prior to 1848
- II. The Creation of the Empire
- III. The Constitution: Nature of the Empire
- IV. The Empire and the States
- CHAPTER X
- I. The Emperor
- II. The Chancellor
- III. The Bundesrath
- CHAPTER XI
- I. Composition of the Reichstag—Electoral System
- II. Organization and Powers of the Reichstag
- III. The Rise of Political Parties
- IV. Party Politics after 1878
- V. Parties since 1907
- VI. Law and Justice
- CHAPTER XII
- I. The German States and their Governments
- II. The Rise of Constitutionalism in Prussia
- III. The Crown and the Ministry
- CHAPTER XIII
- I. Composition of the Landtag
- II. The Movement for Electoral Reform
- III. Organization and Functions of the Landtag
- IV. Local Government: Origins and Principles[388]
- V. Local Government: Areas and Organs
- CHAPTER XIV
- I. The More Important Monarchies
- II. The Lesser Monarchies and the City Republics
- III. Alsace-Lorraine
- PART III.—FRANCE
- CHAPTER XV
- I. A Century of Political Instability
- II. The Revolutionary and Napoleonic Era
- III. From the Restoration to the Revolution of 1848
- IV. The Second Republic and the Second Empire
- V. The Establishment of the Third Republic
- VI. The Constitution of To-day
- CHAPTER XVI
- I. The President
- II. The Ministry
- III. Parliament: Senate and Chamber of Deputies
- IV. The Problem of Electoral Reform
- CHAPTER XVII
- I. Organization and Workings of the Chambers
- II. Political Parties since 1871
- CHAPTER XVIII
- I. French Law
- II. The Courts
- III. Local Government: Development since 1789
- IV. Local Government To-day
- PART IV. ITALY
- CHAPTER XIX
- I. The Era of Napoleon
- II. The Restoration and the Revolution of 1848
- III. The Achievement of Unification
- IV. The Constitution
- CHAPTER XX
- I. The Crown and the Ministry
- II. Parliament: the Senate
- III. The Chamber of Deputies—Parliamentary Procedure
- IV. The Judiciary
- V. Local Government
- CHAPTER XXI
- I. Quirinal and Vatican
- II. Parties and Ministries, 1861-1896
- III. The Era of Composite Ministries, 1896-1912
- IV. Phases of Party Politics
- PART V.—SWITZERLAND
- CHAPTER XXII
- I. The Confederation and Its Constitution
- II. The Nation and the States
- III. Cantonal Legislation: the Referendum and the Initiative
- IV. The Cantonal Executive and Judiciary
- CHAPTER XXIII
- I. The Executive
- II. Legislation: the Federal Assembly
- III. Legislation: the Referendum and the Initiative
- IV. Political Parties
- V. The Judiciary
- PART VI—AUSTRIA-HUNGARY
- CHAPTER XXIV
- I. Austrian Political Development to 1815
- II. Hungarian Political Development to 1815
- III. The Era of Metternich
- IV. The Revolution of 1848
- V. The Revival of Constitutionalism: the Ausgleich
- CHAPTER XXV
- I. The Constitution
- II. The Crown and the Ministry
- III. The Reichsrath—the Electoral System
- IV. Political Parties
- V. The Judiciary and Local Government
- CHAPTER XXVI
- I. The Constitution
- II. The Crown and the Ministry
- III. Parliament—the Electoral System
- IV. Political Parties
- V. The Judiciary and Local Government
- CHAPTER XXVII
- I. The Common Organs of Government
- II. The Territories of Bosnia and Herzegovina
- PART VII.—THE LOW COUNTRIES
- CHAPTER XXVIII
- I. A Century of Political Development
- II. The Crown and the Ministry
- III. The States-General and Political Parties
- IV. The Judiciary and Local Government
- CHAPTER XXIX
- I. The Constitution—the Crown and the Ministry
- II. The Houses of Parliament—the Electoral System
- III. Parties and Electoral Reform Since 1894—Parliamentary Procedure
- IV. The Judiciary and Local Government
- PART VIII.—SCANDINAVIA
- CHAPTER XXX
- I. Development Prior to 1814
- II. The Rise of Constitutionalism, 1814-1866
- III. The Crown and the Ministry
- IV. The Rigsdag—Political Parties
- V. The Judiciary and Local Government
- CHAPTER XXXI
- I. Political Development to 1814
- II. The Swedish-Norwegian Union, 1814-1905
- III. The Norwegian Constitution—Crown and Ministry
- IV. The Storthing—Political Parties
- V. The Judiciary and Local Government
- CHAPTER XXXII
- I. The Constitution—the Crown and the Ministry
- III. The Riksdag in Operation—Political Parties
- IV. The Judiciary and Local Government
- PART IX.—THE IBERIAN STATES
- CHAPTER XXXIII
- I. The Beginnings of Constitutionalism
- II. Political and Constitutional Development, 1833-1876
- III. The Present Constitution
- IV. The Crown and the Ministry
- V. The Cortes
- VI. Political Parties
- VII. The Judiciary and local Government
- CHAPTER XXXIV
- I. A Century of Political Development
- II. The Government of the Kingdom
- III. The Revolution of 1910
- IV. The Constitution of 1911
- INDEX
- Printed in the United States of America
- Social Progress in Contemporary Europe
- The Opening of the Mississippi
- Readings in American Government and Politics
- American Government and Politics
- A History of Political Theories
- The American Commonwealth
- The Government of American Cities
- The Government of European Cities
- The Government of England
- PUBLISHED BY THE MACMILLAN COMPANY Publishers 64-66 Fifth Avenue New York
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