
The Sense of Taste
by Albert T. Poffenberger Harry L. Hollingworth
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About This Book
'The Sense of Taste' is a treatise on the gustatory system by two Columbia University psychologists, H. L. Hollingworth and A. T. Poffenberger. The authors regarded the sense of taste to be in numerous ways the most paradoxical of all the senses. Although, as a source of sense impression, it can afford the keenest immediate feelings of pleasure and delight, the books on aesthetics and art have little or nothing to say about it. Skill in the compounding of tastes and flavors, or discrimination in their relish, brings the expert neither artistic recognition nor social eminence. Taste, it is cons...
Chapters (290)
- THE SENSE OF TASTE
- EDITORIAL INTRODUCTION
- PREFACE
- CONTENTS
- ILLUSTRATIONS
- CHAPTER I The Qualities of Taste
- The Taste Manifold
- The Classification of Tastes
- Taste Blends and Fusions
- The Poverty of Taste
- Psychological Analysis of the Taste Qualities
- Distribution of the Taste Qualities
- The Vocabulary of Taste
- CHAPTER II The Organization of the Tastes
- System and Organization in Other Senses
- Taste Mixtures and Compounds
- Compensation, Antagonism, and Neutralization
- Contrast Phenomena
- After Images of Taste
- The Schema of Taste Relations
- CHAPTER III The Sensitiveness of Taste
- Various Measures of Sensitiveness
- The Threshold of Taste Sensation
- Relative Sensitivity of Taste and Smell
- The Discrimination of Tastes
- Adaptation and Fatigue
- Acquired Tastes
- The Early Development of Taste
- CHAPTER IV Time Relations of Taste Qualities
- The Inertia of the Taste Organs
- Reaction Time to Taste Stimuli
- Determinants of Reaction Time to Taste
- CHAPTER V The Sense Organ of Taste
- Comparison With Other Sense Organs
- The Salivary Glands and Their Activity
- The Tongue: Its Muscles and Covering Membranes
- Classification of Papillæ
- The Determination of the Taste Areas
- CHAPTER VI Sensory Elements of the Taste Mechanism
- Taste Buds and Their General Characteristics
- Supporting Cells, Gustatory Cells, and Nerve Filaments
- Relations Among the Structures Within the Taste Bud
- The Sensory Nerves of Taste
- The Cerebral Taste Centers
- CHAPTER VII Taste-Producing Substances
- Adequate and Inadequate Stimuli
- Adequate Taste Stimuli
- Inadequate Taste Stimuli
- CHAPTER VIII Function of the Taste Mechanism
- Function of Tongue and Salivary Glands
- The Function of the Taste Buds
- CHAPTER IX The Development of Taste in the Individual
- Development Before Birth
- Development of Taste in Infancy and Childhood
- Taste in the Adult
- Structural and Functional Differences Among Individuals
- Individual Differences Due to Pathological Changes
- Racial Differences in the Structure and Function of the Taste Organs
- CHAPTER X Evolution of Taste
- Sensitivity of the Unicellular Organisms
- “The Chemical Sense”
- Chemical Sense in Fishes
- Land-Dwelling Animals
- CHAPTER XI Gustatory Imagination and Memory
- The Nature and Frequency of Mental Images
- Mental Images of Taste
- Taste in Dreams and in Hallucinations
- CHAPTER XII Unusual and Abnormal Taste Experiences
- Gustatory Hallucinations and Auræ
- Partial and Complete Ageusia
- Taste Hallucinations of the Insane
- Synæsthesias of Taste
- Perversions of Taste
- CHAPTER XIII Food and Flavor
- The Biological Rôle of Taste
- Taste and Digestion
- Experimental Evidences
- The Function of Taste in the Organic Economy
- CHAPTER XIV The Æsthetic Value of Taste
- The Higher and Lower Senses
- Bounty of Nature and Ecclesiastical Censorship
- The Psychophysical Attributes
- The Tendency to Adaptation
- Spatial Attributes of Taste Qualities
- Immediate Affective Value of Taste
- Development in the Individual and the Race
- The Imaginative Value of Taste
- The Non-Social Character of the Lower Senses
- The Unsystematic Relations of Taste Qualities
- The Motive of Æsthetic Products
- INDEX
- vii
- viii
- ix
- x
- xi
- xii
- xiii
- xiv
- xv
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