The Practice and Theory of Bolshevism
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إن الثورة الروسية هي أكبر الأحداث البطولية في تاريخ العالم.ومن الطبيعي أن تقارن بالثورة الفرنسية، ولكنها في الواقع تتجاوزها أهميةً. فهي أَفعَلُ في تغيير الحياة اليومية وبنية المجتمع، وأَفعَلُ في تغيير معتقدات الناس. ويتمثّل الاختلاف في الاختلاف بين ماركس وروسو، فروسو عاطفي ورقيق ويناشد الانفعال، ويطمس الخطوط العريضة الصارمة، وماركس نظامي شأن هيغل، مفعم بالمحتوى العقلي الصارم، ويحتكم إلى الضرورة التاريخية والتطور التقني للصناعة، ويفترض رؤية للبشر تقوم على أنهم دمى في قبضة القوى المادية القادرة على كل شيء. وتجمع البلشفية بين خصائص الثورة الفرنسية وخصائص صعود الإسلام كدولة، والنتيجة شيء جديد جذري...
Chapters (198)
- The Practice and Theory of Bolshevism
- Bertrand Russell
- First published November 1920 Reprinted February 1921
- (All rights reserved)
- PREFACEToC
- CONTENTS
- PART I
- THE PRESENT CONDITION OF RUSSIA
- IToC WHAT IS HOPED FROM BOLSHEVISM
- IIToC GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
- FOOTNOTES:
- IIIToC LENIN, TROTSKY AND GORKY
- FOOTNOTES:
- IVToC ART AND EDUCATION
- VToC COMMUNISM AND THE SOVIET CONSTITUTION
- FOOTNOTES:
- VIToC THE FAILURE OF RUSSIAN INDUSTRY
- VIIToC DAILY LIFE IN MOSCOW
- FOOTNOTES:
- VIIIToC TOWN AND COUNTRY
- IXToC INTERNATIONAL POLICY
- PART II
- BOLSHEVIK THEORY
- IToC THE MATERIALISTIC THEORY OF HISTORY
- IIToC DECIDING FORCES IN POLITICS
- IIIToC BOLSHEVIK CRITICISM OF DEMOCRACY
- IVToC REVOLUTION AND DICTATORSHIP
- VToC MECHANISM AND THE INDIVIDUAL
- VIToC WHY RUSSIAN COMMUNISM HAS FAILED
- VIIToC CONDITIONS FOR THE SUCCESS OF COMMUNISM
- ERRATAToC
- ROADS TO FREEDOM PRINCIPLES OF SOCIAL RECONSTRUCTION INTRODUCTION TO MATHEMATICAL PHILOSOPHY THE ANALYSIS OF MIND
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