The Outline of Science, Vol. 1 (of 4) / A Plain Story Simply Told
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- THE OUTLINE OF SCIENCE
- A PLAIN STORY SIMPLY TOLD EDITED BY J. ARTHUR THOMSON REGIUS PROFESSOR OF NATURAL HISTORY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF ABERDEEN
- IN FOUR VOLUMES G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS NEW YORK AND LONDON The Knickerbocker press
- INTRODUCTORY NOTE
- CONTENTS
- ILLUSTRATIONS
- The Outline of Science
- INTRODUCTION
- I THE ROMANCE OF THE HEAVENS
- THE SCALE OF THE UNIVERSE—THE SOLAR SYSTEM § 1
- The Heavenly Bodies
- § 2
- The Scale of the Universe
- Are there other Universes?
- THE SOLAR SYSTEM THE SUN § 1
- The Solar System
- The Sun
- Regions of the Sun
- § 2
- The Surface of the Sun
- Sun-spots
- A WONDERFUL INSTRUMENT AND WHAT IT REVEALS
- A Unique Discovery
- Measuring the Speed of Light
- IS THE SUN DYING? § 3
- THE PLANETS LIFE IN OTHER WORLDS? § 1
- The Planet Venus
- Is there Life on Mars?
- § 2
- Jupiter and Saturn
- THE MOON
- A Dead World
- The Mountains of the Moon
- METEORS AND COMETS
- Millions of Meteorites
- A Great Comet
- THE STELLAR UNIVERSE § 1
- The Evolution of Stars
- The Age of Stars
- THE NEBULAR THEORY § 2
- Spiral Nebulæ
- THE BIRTH AND DEATH OF STARS § 3
- Variable, New, and Dark Stars: Dying Suns
- The Death and Birth of Stars
- THE SHAPE OF OUR UNIVERSE § 4
- Our Universe a Spiral Nebula
- ASTRONOMICAL INSTRUMENTS § 1
- The Telescope
- § 2
- The Spectroscope
- BIBLIOGRAPHY
- II THE STORY OF EVOLUTION
- INTRODUCTORY THE BEGINNING OF THE EARTH—MAKING A HOME FOR LIFE—THE FIRST LIVING CREATURES § 1
- § 2
- The Beginning of the Earth
- The Nebular Hypothesis
- The Growth of the Earth
- § 3
- Making a Home for Life
- Origin of Living Creatures upon the Earth
- § 4
- The First Organisms upon the Earth
- FIRST GREAT STEPS IN EVOLUTION
- THE FIRST PLANTS—THE FIRST ANIMALS—BEGINNINGS OF BODIES—EVOLUTION OF SEX—BEGINNING OF NATURAL DEATH
- § 1
- The Contrast between Plants and Animals
- § 2
- The Beginnings of Land Plants
- The Protozoa
- § 3
- The Making of a Body
- The Beginning of Sexual Reproduction
- § 4
- The Evolution of Sex
- § 5
- The Beginning of Natural Death
- § 6
- Great Acquisitions
- THE INCLINED PLANE OF ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR § 1
- Evolution of Mind
- The Trial and Error Method
- Reflex Actions
- What are Called Tropisms
- § 2
- Instinctive Behaviour
- Animal Intelligence
- § 3
- Evolution of Parental Care
- § 4
- The Cradle of the Open Sea
- The Great Deeps
- The Freshwaters
- Conquest of the Dry Land
- Methods of Mastering the Difficulties of Terrestrial Life
- Conquering the Air
- THE PROCESSION OF LIFE THROUGH THE AGES § 1
- The Rock Record
- The Use of Fossils
- § 2
- The Geological Time-table
- The Establishment of Invertebrate Stocks
- § 3
- The Era of Ancient Life (Palæozoic)
- EVOLUTION OF LAND ANIMALS § 1
- Giant Amphibians and Coal-measures
- The Acquisitions of Amphibians.
- Evolution of the Voice
- § 2
- The Early Reptiles
- Disappearance of many Ancient Types
- THE GEOLOGICAL MIDDLE AGES § 1
- The Mesozoic Era
- The Flying Dragons
- The First Known Bird
- § 2
- The Cenozoic or Tertiary Era
- § 3
- The Ascent of Man
- The Evolving System of Nature
- Parasitism
- THE EVIDENCES OF EVOLUTION—HOW IT CAME ABOUT § 1
- Progress in Evolution
- Evidences of Evolution
- § 2
- Factors in Evolution
- BIBLIOGRAPHY
- III ADAPTATIONS TO ENVIRONMENT
- ADAPTATIONS TO ENVIRONMENT
- I. THE SHORE OF THE SEA
- The Seaweed Area
- Conditions of Shore Life
- Keen Struggle for Existence
- Shifts for a Living
- Parental Care on the Shore
- II. THE OPEN SEA
- The Floating Sea-meadows
- Swimmers and Drifters
- Hunger and Love
- III. THE DEEP SEA
- Physical Conditions
- Biological Conditions
- Adaptations to Deep-sea Life
- IV. THE FRESH WATERS
- V. THE DRY LAND
- Difficulties and Results of the Transition from Water to Land
- VI. THE AIR
- BIBLIOGRAPHY
- IV THE STRUGGLE FOR EXISTENCE
- ANIMAL AND BIRD MIMICRY AND DISGUISE § 1
- Colour Permanently Like That of Surroundings
- § 2
- Gradual Change of Colour
- Seasonal Change of Colouring
- § 3
- Rapid Colour-change
- The Case of Chameleons
- § 4
- Likeness to Other Things
- § 5
- Mimicry in the True Sense
- Masking
- § 6
- Other Kinds of Elusiveness
- V THE ASCENT OF MAN
- THE ASCENT OF MAN § 1
- Anatomical Proof of Man's Relationship with a Simian Stock
- § 2
- Physiological Proof of Man's Relationship with a Simian Stock
- Embryological Proof of Man's Relationship with a Simian Stock
- § 3
- Man's Pedigree
- Man's Arboreal Apprenticeship
- § 4
- Tentative Men
- Primitive Men
- Retrospect
- Races of Mankind
- Steps in Human Evolution
- Factors in Human Progress
- BIBLIOGRAPHY
- VI EVOLUTION GOING ON
- EVOLUTION GOING ON
- Evolutionary Prospect for Man
- The Fountain of Change: Variability
- The Sporting Jellyfish
- § 1
- Evolution of Plants
- The Romance of the Wheat
- § 2
- Changes in the Animal Life of a Country
- § 3
- The Adventurers
- The Case of the Robber Crab
- The Story of the Salmon
- Interpretation of the Salmon's Story
- The Romance of the Eel
- § 4
- Forming New Habits
- Experiments in Locomotion
- New Devices
- In Conclusion
- VII THE DAWN OF MIND
- THE DAWN OF MIND
- § 1
- Two Extremes to be Avoided
- A Caution in Regard to Instinct
- § 2
- A Useful Law
- Senses of Fishes
- Interesting Ways of Fishes
- The Stickleback's Nest
- The Mind of a Minnow
- § 3
- The Mind of Amphibians
- Senses of Amphibians
- Experiments in Parental Care
- § 4
- The Reptilian Mind
- § 5
- Mind in Birds
- Instinctive Aptitudes
- Intelligence co-operating with Instinct
- Using their Wits
- The Thrush's Anvil
- § 6
- The Mind of the Mammal
- Instinctive Aptitudes
- Sheer Dexterity
- Power of Association
- The Dancing Mouse as a Pupil
- Learning Tricks
- Using their Wits
- § 7
- Why is there not more Intelligence?
- Experimentation in Play
- Other Glimpses of Intelligence
- THE MIND OF MONKEYS § 8
- Keen Senses
- Power of Manipulation
- Activity for Activity's Sake
- Sheer Quickness
- Quick to Learn
- The Case of Sally
- The Case of Lizzie
- Trial and Error
- Imitation
- The Case of Peter
- The Bustle of the Mind
- "Until at last arose the Man."
- § 9
- Looking Backwards
- Body and Mind
- In conclusion
- VIII FOUNDATIONS OF THE UNIVERSE
- THE WORLD OF ATOMS
- § 1
- The Bricks of the Cosmos
- § 2
- The Wonder-World of Atoms
- The Energy of Atoms
- § 3 THE DISCOVERY OF X-RAYS AND RADIUM
- The Discovery of Sir Wm. Crookes
- § 4
- The Discovery of X-rays
- Discovery of Radium
- THE DISCOVERY OF THE ELECTRON AND HOW IT EFFECTED A REVOLUTION IN IDEAS
- § 5
- The Discovery of the Electron
- The Key to many Mysteries
- § 6 THE ELECTRON THEORY, OR THE NEW VIEW OF MATTER
- The Structure of the Atom
- § 7
- The New View of Matter
- § 8
- Other New Views
- § 9
- The Future
- WHAT IS ELECTRICITY?
- The Nature of Electricity
- § 10
- What an Electric Current is
- What the Dynamo does
- § 11
- Magnetism
- ETHER AND WAVES
- Ether and Waves
- Below the Limits of Visibility
- LIGHT—VISIBLE AND INVISIBLE
- Electrons and Light
- Sorting out Light-waves
- LIGHTNING
- The Fate of the World
- § 12
- What the Blue "Sky" means
- Light without Heat
- ENERGY: HOW ALL LIFE DEPENDS ON IT
- Forms of Energy
- What Heat is
- § 13
- Substitutes for Coal
- § 14
- Dissipation of Energy
- What a Uniform Temperature would mean
- § 15 MATTER, ETHER, AND EINSTEIN
- INFLUENCE OF THE TIDES: ORIGIN OF THE MOON: THE EARTH SLOWING DOWN § 16
- The Earth Pulled by the Moon
- The Action of Sun and Moon
- § 17
- Origin of the Moon
- The Earth Slowing down
- The Day Becoming Longer
- BIBLIOGRAPHY
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