The Natural History of Pliny, Volume 2 (of 6)
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Chapters (939)
- THE NATURAL HISTORY OF PLINY.
- CONTENTS. OF THE SECOND VOLUME.
- BOOK VI. AN ACCOUNT OF COUNTRIES, NATIONS, SEAS, TOWNS, HAVENS, MOUNTAINS, RIVERS, DISTANCES, AND PEOPLES WHO NOW EXIST, OR FORMERLY EXISTED.
- CHAP. 1. (1.)—THE EUXINE AND THE MARYANDINI.
- CHAP. 2. (2.)—PAPHLAGONIA.
- CHAP. 3. (3.)—CAPPADOCIA.
- CHAP. 4.—THE REGION OF THEMISCYRA, AND THE NATIONS THEREIN.
- CHAP. 5. (5.)—THE REGION OF COLICA, THE NATIONS OF THE ACHÆI, AND OTHER NATIONS IN THE SAME PARTS.
- CHAP. 6.—THE CIMMERIAN BOSPORUS.
- CHAP. 7.—LAKE MÆOTIS AND THE ADJOINING NATIONS.
- CHAP. 8. (8.)—THE SITUATION OF CAPPADOCIA.
- CHAP. 9. (9.)—THE LESSER AND THE GREATER ARMENIA.
- CHAP. 10.—THE RIVERS CYRUS AND ARAXES.
- CHAP. 11. (10.)—ALBANIA, IBERIA, AND THE ADJOINING NATIONS.
- CHAP. 12. (11.)—THE PASSES OF THE CAUCASUS.
- CHAP. 13. (12.)—THE ISLANDS OF THE EUXINE.
- CHAP. 14. (13.)—NATIONS IN THE VICINITY OF THE SCYTHIAN OCEAN.
- CHAP. 15.—THE CASPIAN AND HYRCANIAN SEA.
- CHAP. 16.—ADIABENE.
- CHAP. 17. (14.)—MEDIA AND THE CASPIAN GATES.
- CHAP. 18. (16.)—NATIONS SITUATE AROUND THE HYRCANIAN SEA.
- CHAP. 19. (17.)—THE NATIONS OF SCYTHIA AND THE COUNTRIES ON THE EASTERN OCEAN.
- CHAP. 20.—THE SERES.
- CHAP. 21.—THE NATIONS OF INDIA.
- CHAP. 22. (18.)—THE GANGES.
- CHAP. 23. (20.)—THE INDUS.
- CHAP. 24. (22.)—TAPROBANE.
- CHAP. 25.—THE ARIANI AND THE ADJOINING NATIONS.
- CHAP. 26.—VOYAGES TO INDIA.
- 27.—CARMANIA.
- CHAP. 28.—THE PERSIAN AND THE ARABIAN GULFS.
- CHAP. 29.—THE PARTHIAN EMPIRE.
- CHAP. 30.—MESOPOTAMIA.
- CHAP. 31.—THE TIGRIS.
- CHAP. 32. (28.)—ARABIA.
- CHAP. 33.—THE GULFS OF THE RED SEA.
- CHAP. 34.—TROGLODYTICE.
- CHAP. 35.—ÆTHIOPIA.
- CHAP. 36. (31.)—ISLANDS OF THE ÆTHIOPIAN SEA.
- CHAP. 37. (32.)—THE FORTUNATE ISLANDS.
- CHAP. 38.—THE COMPARATIVE DISTANCES OF PLACES ON THE FACE OF THE EARTH.
- CHAP. 39.—DIVISION OF THE EARTH INTO PARALLELS AND SHADOWS OF EQUAL LENGTH.
- BOOK VII.835 MAN, HIS BIRTH, HIS ORGANIZATION, AND THE INVENTION OF THE ARTS.
- CHAP. 1.—MAN.
- CHAP. 2.—THE WONDERFUL FORMS OF DIFFERENT NATIONS.
- CHAP. 3.—MARVELLOUS BIRTHS.
- CHAP. 4. (5.)—THE GENERATION OF MAN; UNUSUAL DURATION OF PREGNANCY; INSTANCES OF IT FROM SEVEN TO TWELVE MONTHS.
- CHAP. 5. (6.)—INDICATIONS OF THE SEX OF THE CHILD DURING THE PREGNANCY OF THE MOTHER.970
- CHAP. 6. (8.)—MONSTROUS BIRTHS.
- CHAP. 7. (9.)—OF THOSE WHO HAVE BEEN CUT OUT OF THE WOMB.
- CHAP. 8. (10.)—WHO WERE CALLED VOPISCI.
- CHAP. 9. (11.)—THE CONCEPTION AND GENERATION OF MAN.
- CHAP. 10.—STRIKING INSTANCES OF RESEMBLANCE.
- CHAP. 11. (13.)—WHAT MEN ARE SUITED FOR GENERATION. INSTANCES OF VERY NUMEROUS OFFSPRING.
- CHAP. 12. (14.)—AT WHAT AGE GENERATION CEASES.
- CHAP. 13. (15.)—REMARKABLE CIRCUMSTANCES CONNECTED WITH THE MENSTRUAL DISCHARGE.
- CHAP. 14.—THE THEORY OF GENERATION.
- CHAP. 15.—SOME ACCOUNT OF THE TEETH, AND SOME FACTS CONCERNING INFANTS.
- CHAP. 16.—EXAMPLES OF UNUSUAL SIZE.
- CHAP. 17.—CHILDREN REMARKABLE FOR THEIR PRECOCITY.
- CHAP. 18.—SOME REMARKABLE PROPERTIES OF THE BODY.
- CHAP. 19. (20.)—INSTANCES OF EXTRAORDINARY STRENGTH.
- CHAP. 20.—INSTANCES OF REMARKABLE AGILITY.
- CHAP. 21. (21.)—INSTANCES OF ACUTENESS OF SIGHT.
- CHAP. 22. (22.)—INSTANCES OF REMARKABLE ACUTENESS OF HEARING.
- CHAP. 23. (23.)—INSTANCES OF ENDURANCE OF PAIN.
- CHAP. 24. (24.)—MEMORY.
- CHAP. 25. (25.)—VIGOR OF MIND.
- CHAP. 26.—CLEMENCY AND GREATNESS OF MIND.
- CHAP. 27. (26.)—HEROIC EXPLOITS.
- CHAP. 28. (27.)—UNION IN THE SAME PERSON OF THREE OF THE HIGHEST QUALITIES WITH THE GREATEST PURITY.
- CHAP. 29. (28.)—INSTANCES OF EXTREME COURAGE.
- CHAP. 30. (29.)—MEN OF REMARKABLE GENIUS.
- CHAP. 31. (30.)—MEN WHO HAVE BEEN REMARKABLE FOR WISDOM.
- CHAP. 32. (32.)—PRECEPTS THE MOST USEFUL IN LIFE.
- CHAP. 33. (33.)—DIVINATION.
- CHAP. 34. (34.)—THE MAN WHO WAS PRONOUNCED TO BE THE MOST EXCELLENT.
- CHAP. 35. (35.)—THE MOST CHASTE MATRONS.
- CHAP. 36. (36.)—INSTANCES OF THE HIGHEST DEGREE OF AFFECTION.
- CHAP. 37. (37.)—NAMES OF MEN WHO HAVE EXCELLED IN THE ARTS, ASTROLOGY, GRAMMAR, AND MEDICINE.
- CHAP. 38.—GEOMETRY AND ARCHITECTURE.
- CHAP. 39. (38.)—OF PAINTING; ENGRAVING ON BRONZE, MARBLE, AND IVORY; OF CARVING.
- CHAP. 40. (39.)—SLAVES FOR WHICH A HIGH PRICE HAS BEEN GIVEN.
- CHAP. 41. (40.)—SUPREME HAPPINESS.
- CHAP. 42. (41.)—RARE INSTANCES OF GOOD FORTUNE CONTINUING IN THE SAME FAMILY.
- CHAP. 43. (42.)—REMARKABLE EXAMPLE OF VICISSITUDES.
- CHAP. 44.—REMARKABLE EXAMPLES OF HONOURS.
- CHAP. 45.—TEN VERY FORTUNATE CIRCUMSTANCES WHICH HAVE HAPPENED TO THE SAME PERSON.
- CHAP. 46.—THE MISFORTUNES OF AUGUSTUS.
- CHAP. 47. (46.)—MEN WHOM THE GODS HAVE PRONOUNCED TO BE THE MOST HAPPY.
- CHAP. 48. (47.)—THE MAN WHOM THE GODS ORDERED TO BE WORSHIPPED DURING HIS LIFE-TIME; A REMARKABLE FLASH OF LIGHTNING.
- CHAP. 49. (48.)—THE GREATEST LENGTH OF LIFE.
- CHAP. 50. (49.)—THE VARIETY OF DESTINIES AT THE BIRTH OF MAN.
- CHAP. 51. (50.)—VARIOUS INSTANCES OF DISEASES.
- CHAP. 52. (51.)—DEATH.
- CHAP. 53. (52.)—PERSONS WHO HAVE COME TO LIFE AGAIN AFTER BEING LAID OUT FOR BURIAL.
- CHAP. 54. (53.)—INSTANCES OF SUDDEN DEATH.
- CHAP. 55. (54.)—BURIAL.
- CHAP. 56. (55.)—THE MANES, OR DEPARTED SPIRITS OF THE SOUL.
- CHAP. 57. (56.)—THE INVENTORS OF VARIOUS THINGS.
- CHAP. 58. (57.)—THE THINGS ABOUT WHICH MANKIND FIRST OF ALL AGREED. THE ANCIENT LETTERS.
- CHAP. 59. (59.)—WHEN BARBERS WERE FIRST EMPLOYED.1482
- CHAP. 60.—WHEN THE FIRST TIME-PIECES WERE MADE.
- BOOK VIII. THE NATURE OF THE TERRESTRIAL ANIMALS.
- CHAP. 1. (1.)—ELEPHANTS; THEIR CAPACITY.
- CHAP. 2. (2.)—WHEN ELEPHANTS WERE FIRST PUT INTO HARNESS.
- CHAP. 3. (3.)—THE DOCILITY OF THE ELEPHANT.
- CHAP. 4.—WONDERFUL THINGS WHICH HAVE BEEN DONE BY THE ELEPHANT.
- CHAP. 5. (4.)—THE INSTINCT OF WILD ANIMALS IN PERCEIVING DANGER.
- CHAP. 6. (6.)—WHEN ELEPHANTS WERE FIRST SEEN IN ITALY.
- CHAP. 7. (7.)—THE COMBATS OF ELEPHANTS.
- CHAP. 8. (8.)—THE WAY IN WHICH ELEPHANTS ARE CAUGHT.
- CHAP. 9. (9.)—THE METHOD BY WHICH THEY ARE TAMED.
- CHAP. 10. (10.)—THE BIRTH OF THE ELEPHANT, AND OTHER PARTICULARS RESPECTING IT.
- CHAP. 11. (11.)—IN WHAT COUNTRIES THE ELEPHANT IS FOUND; THE ANTIPATHY OF THE ELEPHANT AND THE DRAGON.
- CHAP. 12. (12.)—THE SAGACITY OF THESE ANIMALS.
- CHAP. 13. (13.)—DRAGONS.
- CHAP. 14. (14.)—SERPENTS OF REMARKABLE SIZE.
- CHAP. 15. (15.)—THE ANIMALS OF SCYTHIA; THE BISON.
- CHAP. 16.—THE ANIMALS OF THE NORTH; THE ELK, THE ACHLIS, AND THE BONASUS.
- CHAP. 17.—LIONS; HOW THEY ARE PRODUCED.
- CHAP. 18.—THE DIFFERENT SPECIES OF LIONS.
- CHAP. 19.—THE PECULIAR CHARACTER OF THE LION.
- CHAP. 20.—WHO IT WAS THAT FIRST INTRODUCED COMBATS OF LIONS AT ROME, AND WHO HAS BROUGHT TOGETHER THE GREATEST NUMBER OF LIONS FOR THAT PURPOSE.
- CHAP. 21.—WONDERFUL FEATS PERFORMED BY LIONS.
- CHAP. 22.—A MAN RECOGNIZED AND SAVED BY A DRAGON.
- CHAP. 23.—PANTHERS.
- CHAP. 24.—THE DECREE OF THE SENATE, AND LAWS RESPECTING AFRICAN ANIMALS; WHO FIRST BROUGHT THEM TO ROME, AND WHO BROUGHT THE GREATEST NUMBER OF THEM.
- CHAP. 25.—TIGERS: WHEN FIRST SEEN AT ROME; THEIR NATURE.
- CHAP. 26.—CAMELS:1699 THE DIFFERENT KINDS.
- CHAP. 27.—THE CAMELEOPARD; WHEN IT WAS FIRST SEEN AT ROME.
- CHAP. 28. (19.)—THE CHAMA, AND THE CEPUS.
- CHAP. 29. (20.)—THE RHINOCEROS.
- CHAP. 30. (21.)—THE LYNX, THE SPHINX, THE CROCOTTA, AND THE MONKEY.
- CHAP. 31.—THE TERRESTRIAL ANIMALS OF INDIA.
- CHAP. 32.—THE ANIMALS OF ÆTHIOPIA; A WILD BEAST WHICH KILLS WITH ITS EYE.
- CHAP. 33.—THE SERPENTS CALLED BASILISKS.
- CHAP. 34. (22.)—WOLVES; THE ORIGIN OF THE STORY OF VERSIPELLIS.
- CHAP. 35. (23.)—DIFFERENT KINDS OF SERPENTS.
- CHAP. 36.—THE ICHNEUMON.
- CHAP. 37. (25.)—THE CROCODILE.
- CHAP. 38.—THE SCINCUS.
- CHAP. 39.—THE HIPPOPOTAMUS.
- CHAP. 40. (26.)—WHO FIRST EXHIBITED THE HIPPOPOTAMUS AND THE CROCODILE AT ROME.
- CHAP. 41. (27.)—THE MEDICINAL REMEDIES WHICH HAVE BEEN BORROWED FROM ANIMALS.1773
- CHAP. 42. (28.)—PROGNOSTICS OF DANGER DERIVED FROM ANIMALS.
- CHAP. 43. (29.)—NATIONS THAT HAVE BEEN EXTERMINATED BY ANIMALS.
- CHAP. 44. (30.)—THE HYÆNA.
- CHAP. 45.—THE COROCOTTA; THE MANTICHORA.1799
- CHAP. 46.—WILD ASSES.
- CHAP. 47.—BEAVERS, AMPHIBIOUS ANIMALS;1801 OTTERS.
- CHAP. 48. (31.)—BRAMBLE-FROGS.
- CHAP. 49.—THE SEA-CALF; BEAVERS; LIZARDS.
- CHAP. 50. (32.)—STAGS.
- CHAP. 51.—THE CHAMELEON.
- CHAP. 52.—OTHER ANIMALS WHICH CHANGE COLOUR; THE TARANDUS, THE LYCAON, AND THE THOS.
- CHAP. 53. (35.)—THE PORCUPINE.
- CHAP. 54. (36.)—BEARS AND THEIR CUBS.
- CHAP. 55. (37.)—THE MICE OF PONTUS AND OF THE ALPS.
- CHAP. 56.—HEDGEHOGS.
- CHAP. 57. (38.)—THE LEONTOPHONUS, AND THE LYNX.1858
- CHAP. 58.—BADGERS AND SQUIRRELS.
- CHAP. 59. (39.)—VIPERS AND SNAILS.
- CHAP. 60.—LIZARDS.1872
- CHAP. 61. (40.)—THE QUALITIES OF THE DOG; EXAMPLES OF ITS ATTACHMENT TO ITS MASTER; NATIONS WHICH HAVE KEPT DOGS FOR THE PURPOSES OF WAR.
- CHAP. 62.—THE GENERATION OF THE DOG.1888
- CHAP. 63.—REMEDIES AGAINST CANINE MADNESS.1890
- CHAP. 64. (42.)—THE NATURE OF THE HORSE.
- CHAP. 65.—THE DISPOSITION OF THE HORSE; REMARKABLE FACTS CONCERNING CHARIOT HORSES.
- CHAP. 66.—THE GENERATION OF THE HORSE.1916
- CHAP. 67.—MARES IMPREGNATED BY THE WIND.
- CHAP. 68. (45.)—THE ASS, ITS GENERATION.
- CHAP. 69. (44.)—THE NATURE OF MULES,1940 AND OF OTHER BEASTS OF BURDEN.
- CHAP. 70. (45.)—OXEN; THEIR GENERATION.
- CHAP. 71. (46.)—THE EGYPTIAN APIS.1965
- CHAP. 72. (47.)—SHEEP, AND THEIR PROPAGATION.1971
- CHAP. 73. (43.)—THE DIFFERENT KINDS OF WOOL, AND THEIR COLOURS.1984
- CHAP. 74.—DIFFERENT KINDS OF CLOTHS.
- CHAP. 75.—THE DIFFERENT SHAPES OF SHEEP; THE MUSMON.
- CHAP. 76. (50.)—GOATS AND THEIR PROPAGATION.
- CHAP. 77. (51.)—THE HOG.2060
- CHAP. 78.—THE WILD BOAR; WHO WAS THE FIRST TO ESTABLISH PARKS FOR WILD ANIMALS.
- CHAP. 79. (53.)—ANIMALS IN A HALF-WILD STATE.
- CHAP. 80. (54.)—APES.
- CHAP. 81. (55.)—THE DIFFERENT SPECIES OF HARES.
- CHAP. 82. (56.)—ANIMALS WHICH ARE TAMED IN PART ONLY.
- CHAP. 83. (58.)—PLACES IN WHICH CERTAIN ANIMALS ARE NOT TO BE FOUND.
- CHAP. 84. (59.)—ANIMALS WHICH INJURE STRANGERS ONLY, AS ALSO ANIMALS WHICH INJURE THE NATIVES OF THE COUNTRY ONLY, AND WHERE THEY ARE FOUND.
- BOOK IX. THE NATURAL HISTORY OF FISHES.
- CHAP. 1. (1.)—WHY THE LARGEST ANIMALS ARE FOUND IN THE SEA.
- CHAP. 2. (3.)—THE SEA MONSTERS OF THE INDIAN OCEAN.
- CHAP. 3. (4.)—THE LARGEST ANIMALS THAT ARE FOUND IN EACH OCEAN.
- CHAP. 4. (5.)—THE FORMS OF THE TRITONS AND NEREIDS. THE FORMS OF SEA ELEPHANTS.
- CHAP. 5. (6.)—THE BALÆNA AND THE ORCA.
- CHAP. 6.—WHETHER FISHES RESPIRE, AND WHETHER THEY SLEEP.
- CHAP. 7. (8.)—DOLPHINS.
- CHAP. 8.—HUMAN BEINGS WHO HAVE BEEN BELOVED BY DOLPHINS.
- CHAP. 9.—PLACES WHERE DOLPHINS HELP MEN TO FISH.
- CHAP. 10.—OTHER WONDERFUL THINGS RELATING TO DOLPHINS.
- CHAP. 11. (9.)—THE TURSIO.
- CHAP. 12. (10.)—TURTLES.2290 THE VARIOUS KINDS OF TURTLES, AND HOW THEY ARE CAUGHT.
- CHAP. 13. (11.)—WHO FIRST INVENTED THE ART OF CUTTING TORTOISE-SHELL.
- CHAP. 14. (12.)—DISTRIBUTION OF AQUATIC ANIMALS INTO VARIOUS SPECIES.
- CHAP. 15. (13.)—THOSE WHICH ARE COVERED WITH HAIR, OR HAVE NONE, AND HOW THEY BRING FORTH. SEA-CALVES, OR PHOCÆ.
- CHAP. 16.—HOW MANY KINDS OF FISH THERE ARE.
- CHAP. 17. (15.)—WHICH OF THE FISHES ARE OF THE LARGEST SIZE.
- CHAP. 18.—TUNNIES, CORDYLA, AND PELAMIDES, AND THE VARIOUS PARTS OF THEM THAT ARE SALTED. MELANDRYA, APOLECTI, AND CYBIA.
- CHAP. 19.—THE AURIAS AND THE SCOMBER.
- CHAP. 20.—FISHES WHICH ARE NEVER FOUND IN THE EUXINE; THOSE WHICH ENTER IT AND RETURN.
- CHAP. 21.—WHY FISHES LEAP ABOVE THE SURFACE OF THE WATER.
- CHAP. 22. (16.)—THAT AUGURIES ARE DERIVED FROM FISHES.
- CHAP. 23.—WHAT KINDS OF FISHES HAVE NO MALES.
- CHAP. 24.—FISHES WHICH HAVE A STONE IN THE HEAD; THOSE WHICH KEEP THEMSELVES CONCEALED DURING WINTER; AND THOSE WHICH ARE NOT TAKEN IN WINTER, EXCEPT UPON STATED DAYS.
- CHAP. 25.—FISHES WHICH CONCEAL THEMSELVES DURING THE SUMMER; THOSE WHICH ARE INFLUENCED BY THE STARS.
- CHAP. 26. (17.)—THE MULLET.
- CHAP. 27.—THE ACIPENSER.
- CHAP. 28.—THE LUPUS, ASELLUS.
- CHAP. 29.—THE SCARUS, THE MUSTELA.
- CHAP. 30.—THE VARIOUS KINDS OF MULLETS, AND THE SARGUS THAT ATTENDS THEM.
- CHAP. 31.—ENORMOUS PRICES OF SOME FISH.
- CHAP. 32.—THAT THE SAME KINDS ARE NOT EVERYWHERE EQUALLY ESTEEMED.
- CHAP. 33.—GILLS AND SCALES.
- CHAP. 34. (19.)—FISHES WHICH HAVE A VOICE.—FISHES WITHOUT GILLS.
- CHAP. 35.—FISHES WHICH COME ON LAND. THE PROPER TIME FOR CATCHING FISH.
- CHAP. 36. (20.)—CLASSIFICATION OF FISHES, ACCORDING TO THE SHAPE OF THE BODY.
- CHAP. 37.—THE FINS OF FISH, AND THEIR MODE OF SWIMMING.
- CHAP. 38. (21.)—EELS.
- CHAP. 39. (23.)—THE MURÆNA.
- CHAP. 40. (24.)—VARIOUS KINDS OF FLAT FISH.
- CHAP. 41. (25.)—THE ECHENEIS, AND ITS USES IN ENCHANTMENTS.
- CHAP. 42. (26.)—FISHES WHICH CHANGE THEIR COLOUR.
- CHAP. 43.—FISHES WHICH FLY ABOVE THE WATER.—THE SEA-SWALLOW.—THE FISH THAT SHINES IN THE NIGHT.—THE HORNED FISH.—THE SEA-DRAGON.
- CHAP. 44. (28.)—FISHES WHICH HAVE NO BLOOD.—FISHES KNOWN AS SOFT FISH.
- CHAP. 45. (29.)—THE SÆPIA, THE LOLIGO, THE SCALLOP.
- CHAP. 46.—THE POLYPUS.
- CHAP. 47.—THE NAUTILUS, OR SAILING POLYPUS.
- CHAP. 48. (30.)—THE VARIOUS KINDS OF POLYPI; THEIR SHREWDNESS.
- CHAP. 49.—THE SAILING NAUPLIUS.
- CHAP. 50.—SEA-ANIMALS, WHICH ARE ENCLOSED WITH A CRUST; THE CRAY-FISH.
- CHAP. 51.—THE VARIOUS KINDS OF CRABS; THE PINNOTHERES, THE SEA URCHIN, COCKLES, AND SCALLOPS.
- CHAP. 52.—VARIOUS KINDS OF SHELL-FISH.
- CHAP. 53. (34.)—WHAT NUMEROUS APPLIANCES OF LUXURY ARE FOUND IN THE SEA.
- CHAP. 54.—PEARLS; HOW THEY ARE PRODUCED, AND WHERE.
- CHAP. 55.—HOW PEARLS ARE FOUND.
- CHAP. 56.—THE VARIOUS KINDS OF PEARLS.
- CHAP. 57.—REMARKABLE FACTS CONNECTED WITH PEARLS—THEIR NATURE.
- CHAP. 58.—INSTANCES OF THE USE OF PEARLS.
- CHAP. 59.—HOW PEARLS FIRST CAME INTO USE AT ROME.
- CHAP. 60.—THE NATURE OF THE MUREX AND THE PURPLE.
- CHAP. 61.—THE DIFFERENT KINDS OF PURPLES.
- CHAP. 62. (38.)—HOW WOOLS ARE DYED WITH THE JUICES OF THE PURPLE.
- CHAP. 63. (39.)—WHEN PURPLE WAS FIRST USED AT ROME: WHEN THE LATICLAVE VESTMENT AND THE PRÆTEXTA WERE FIRST WORN.
- CHAP. 64.—FABRICS CALLED CONCHYLIATED.
- CHAP. 65.—THE AMETHYST, THE TYRIAN, THE HYSGINIAN, AND THE CRIMSON TINTS.
- CHAP. 66. (42.)—THE PINNA, AND THE PINNOTHERES.
- CHAP. 67.—THE SENSITIVENESS OF WATER ANIMALS; THE TORPEDO, THE PASTINACA, THE SCOLOPENDRA, THE GLANIS, AND THE RAM-FISH.
- CHAP. 68. (45.)—BODIES WHICH HAVE A THIRD NATURE, THAT OF THE ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE COMBINED—THE SEA-NETTLE.
- CHAP. 69.—SPONGES; THE VARIOUS KINDS OF THEM, AND WHERE THEY ARE PRODUCED: PROOFS THAT THEY ARE GIFTED WITH LIFE BY NATURE.
- CHAP. 70. (46.)—DOG-FISH.2747
- CHAP. 71.—FISHES WHICH ARE ENCLOSED IN A STONY SHELL—SEA ANIMALS WHICH HAVE NO SENSATION—-OTHER ANIMALS WHICH LIVE IN THE MUD.
- CHAP. 72. (48.)—VENOMOUS SEA-ANIMALS.
- CHAP. 73. (49.)—THE MALADIES OF FISHES.
- CHAP. 74. (50.)—THE GENERATION OF FISHES.
- CHAP. 75.—FISHES WHICH ARE BOTH OVIPAROUS AND VIVIPAROUS.
- CHAP. 76.—FISHES THE BELLY OF WHICH OPENS IN SPAWNING, AND THEN CLOSES AGAIN.
- CHAP. 77. (52.)—FISHES WHICH HAVE A WOMB; THOSE WHICH IMPREGNATE THEMSELVES.
- CHAP. 78. (53.)—THE LONGEST LIVES KNOWN AMONGST FISHES.
- CHAP. 79. (54.)—THE FIRST PERSON THAT FORMED ARTIFICIAL OYSTER-BEDS.
- CHAP. 80.—WHO WAS THE FIRST INVENTOR OF PRESERVES FOR OTHER FISH.
- CHAP. 81. (55.)—WHO INVENTED PRESERVES FOR MURENÆ.
- CHAP. 82. (56.)—WHO INVENTED PRESERVES FOR SEA-SNAILS.
- CHAP. 83. (57.)—LAND FISHES.
- CHAP. 84. (58.)—THE MICE OF THE NILE.
- CHAP. 85. (59.)—HOW THE FISH CALLED THE ANTHIAS IS TAKEN.
- CHAP. 86. (60.)—SEA-STARS.
- CHAP. 87. (61.)—THE MARVELLOUS PROPERTIES OF THE DACTYLUS.
- CHAP. 88. (62.)—THE ANTIPATHIES AND SYMPATHIES THAT EXIST BETWEEN AQUATIC ANIMALS.
- BOOK X. THE NATURAL HISTORY OF BIRDS.
- CHAP. 1. (1.)—THE OSTRICH.
- CHAP. 2. (2.)—THE PHŒNIX.
- CHAP. 3. (3.)—THE DIFFERENT KINDS OF EAGLES.
- CHAP. 4.—THE NATURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EAGLE.
- CHAP. 5. (4.)—WHEN THE EAGLE WAS FIRST USED AS THE STANDARD OF THE ROMAN LEGIONS.
- CHAP. 6. (5.)—AN EAGLE WHICH PRECIPITATED ITSELF ON THE FUNERAL PILE OF A GIRL.
- CHAP. 7. (6.)—THE VULTURE.
- CHAP. 8. (7.)—THE BIRDS CALLED SANGUALIS AND IMMUSULUS.
- CHAP. 9. (8.)—HAWKS. THE BUTEO.
- CHAP. 10.—IN WHAT PLACES HAWKS AND MEN PURSUE THE CHASE IN COMPANY WITH EACH OTHER.
- CHAP. 11. (9.)—THE ONLY BIRD THAT IS KILLED BY THOSE OF ITS OWN KIND.—A BIRD THAT LAYS ONLY ONE EGG.
- CHAP. 12. (10.)—THE KITE.
- CHAP. 13. (11.)—THE CLASSIFICATION OF BIRDS.
- CHAP. 14. (12.)—CROWS. BIRDS OF ILL OMEN. AT WHAT SEASONS THEY ARE NOT INAUSPICIOUS.
- CHAP. 15.—THE RAVEN.
- CHAP. 16.—THE HORNED OWL.
- CHAP. 17. (13.)—BIRDS, THE RACE OF WHICH IS EXTINCT, OR OF WHICH ALL KNOWLEDGE HAS BEEN LOST.
- CHAP. 18. (16.)—BIRDS WHICH ARE BORN WITH THE TAIL FIRST.
- CHAP. 19. (17.)—THE OWLET.
- CHAP. 20. (18.)—THE WOOD-PECKER OF MARS.
- CHAP. 21. (19.)—BIRDS WHICH HAVE HOOKED TALONS.
- CHAP. 22. (20.)—THE PEACOCK.
- CHAP. 23.—WHO WAS THE FIRST TO KILL THE PEACOCK FOR FOOD.—WHO FIRST TAUGHT THE ART OF CRAMMING THEM.
- CHAP. 24. (21.)—THE DUNGHILL COCK.
- CHAP. 25.—HOW COCKS ARE CASTRATED. A COCK THAT ONCE SPOKE.
- CHAP. 26. (22.)—THE GOOSE.
- CHAP. 27.—WHO FIRST TAUGHT US TO USE THE LIVER OF THE GOOSE FOR FOOD.
- CHAP. 28.—OF THE COMMAGENIAN MEDICAMENT.
- CHAP. 29.—THE CHENALOPEX, THE CHENEROS, THE TETRAO, AND THE OTIS.
- CHAP. 30. (23.)—CRANES.
- CHAP. 31.—STORKS.
- CHAP. 32.—SWANS.
- CHAP. 33.—FOREIGN BIRDS WHICH VISIT US; THE QUAIL, THE GLOTTIS, THE CYCHRAMUS, AND THE OTUS.
- CHAP. 34. (24.)—SWALLOWS.
- CHAP. 35.—BIRDS WHICH TAKE THEIR DEPARTURE FROM US, AND WHITHER THEY GO; THE THRUSH, THE BLACKBIRD, AND THE STARLING—BIRDS WHICH LOSE THEIR FEATHERS DURING THEIR RETIREMENT—THE TURTLE-DOVE AND THE RING-DOVE—THE FLIGHT OF STARLINGS AND SWALLOWS.
- CHAP. 36. (25.)—BIRDS WHICH REMAIN WITH US THROUGHOUT THE YEAR; BIRDS WHICH REMAIN WITH US ONLY SIX OR THREE MONTHS; WITWALLS AND HOOPOES.
- CHAP. 37. (26.)—THE MEMNONIDES.
- CHAP. 38.—THE MELEAGRIDES.
- CHAP. 39. (27.)—THE SELEUCIDES.
- CHAP. 40. (28.)—THE IBIS.
- CHAP. 41. (29.)—PLACES IN WHICH CERTAIN BIRDS ARE NEVER FOUND.
- CHAP. 42.—THE VARIOUS KINDS OF BIRDS WHICH AFFORD OMENS BY THEIR NOTE—BIRDS WHICH CHANGE THEIR COLOUR AND THEIR VOICE.
- CHAP. 43.—THE NIGHTINGALE.
- CHAP. 44.—THE MELANCORYPHUS, THE ERITHACUS, AND THE PHŒNICURUS.
- CHAP. 45.—THE ŒNANTHE, THE CHLORION, THE BLACKBIRD, AND THE IBIS.
- CHAP. 46. (31.)—THE TIMES OF INCUBATION OF BIRDS.
- CHAP. 47. (32.)—THE HALCYONES: THE HALCYON DAYS THAT ARE FAVOURABLE TO NAVIGATION.
- CHAP. 48.—OTHER KINDS OF AQUATIC BIRDS.
- CHAP. 49. (33.)—THE INSTINCTIVE CLEVERNESS DISPLAYED BY BIRDS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF THEIR NESTS. THE WONDERFUL WORKS OF THE SWALLOW. THE BANK-SWALLOW.
- CHAP. 50.—THE ACANTHYLLIS AND OTHER BIRDS.
- CHAP. 51.—THE MEROPS—PARTRIDGES.
- CHAP. 52. (34.)—PIGEONS.
- CHAP. 53.—WONDERFUL THINGS DONE BY THEM; PRICES AT WHICH THEY HAVE BEEN SOLD.
- CHAP. 54. (38.)—DIFFERENT MODES OF FLIGHT AND PROGRESSION IN BIRDS.
- CHAP. 55. (39.)—THE BIRDS CALLED APODES, OR CYPSELI.
- CHAP. 56. (40.)—RESPECTING THE FOOD OF BIRDS—THE CAPRIMULGUS, THE PLATEA.
- CHAP. 57. (41.)—THE INSTINCTS OF BIRDS—THE CARDUELIS, THE TAURUS, THE ANTHUS.
- CHAP. 58.—BIRDS WHICH SPEAK—THE PARROT.
- CHAP. 59.—THE PIE WHICH FEEDS ON ACORNS.
- CHAP. 60. (48.)—A SEDITION THAT AROSE AMONG THE ROMAN PEOPLE, IN CONSEQUENCE OF A RAVEN SPEAKING.
- CHAP. 61. (44.)—THE BIRDS OF DIOMEDES.
- CHAP. 62. (45.)—ANIMALS THAT CAN LEARN NOTHING.
- CHAP. 63. (46.)—THE MODE OF DRINKING WITH BIRDS. THE PORPHYRIO.
- CHAP. 64. (47.)—THE HÆMATOPOUS.
- CHAP. 65.—THE FOOD OF BIRDS.
- CHAP. 66.—THE PELICAN.
- CHAP. 67.—FOREIGN BIRDS: THE PHALERIDES, THE PHEASANT, AND THE NUMIDICÆ.
- CHAP. 68.—THE PHŒNICOPTERUS, THE ATTAGEN, THE PHALACROCORAX, THE PYRRHOCORAX, AND THE LAGOPUS.
- CHAP. 69. (49.)—THE NEW BIRDS. THE VIPIO.
- CHAP. 70.—FABULOUS BIRDS.
- CHAP. 71. (50.)—WHO FIRST INVENTED THE ART OF CRAMMING POULTRY: WHY THE FIRST CENSORS FORBADE THIS PRACTICE.
- CHAP. 72.—WHO FIRST INVENTED AVIARIES. THE DISH OF ÆSOPUS.
- CHAP. 73. (52.)—THE GENERATION OF BIRDS: OTHER OVIPAROUS ANIMALS.
- CHAP. 74.—THE VARIOUS KINDS OF EGGS, AND THEIR NATURE.
- CHAP. 75. (54.)—DEFECTS IN BROOD-HENS, AND THEIR REMEDIES.
- CHAP. 76. (55.)—AN AUGURY DERIVED FROM EGGS BY AN EMPRESS.
- CHAP. 77. (56.)—THE BEST KINDS OF FOWLS.
- CHAP. 78. (57.)—THE DISEASES OF FOWLS, AND THEIR REMEDIES.
- CHAP. 79. (58.)—WHEN BIRDS LAY, AND HOW MANY EGGS. THE VARIOUS KINDS OF HERONS.
- CHAP. 80.—WHAT EGGS ARE CALLED HYPENEMIA, AND WHAT CYNOSURA. HOW EGGS ARE BEST KEPT.
- CHAP. 81. (61.)—THE ONLY WINGED ANIMAL THAT IS VIVIPAROUS, AND NURTURES ITS YOUNG WITH ITS MILK.
- CHAP. 82. (62.)—TERRESTRIAL ANIMALS THAT ARE OVIPAROUS.—VARIOUS KINDS OF SERPENTS.
- CHAP. 83. (63.)—GENERATION OF ALL KINDS OF TERRESTRIAL ANIMALS.
- CHAP. 84. (64.)—THE POSITION OF ANIMALS IN THE UTERUS.
- CHAP. 85.—ANIMALS WHOSE ORIGIN IS STILL UNKNOWN.
- CHAP. 86. (66.)—SALAMANDERS.
- CHAP. 87. (68.)—ANIMALS WHICH ARE BORN OF BEINGS THAT HAVE NOT BEEN BORN THEMSELVES—ANIMALS WHICH ARE BORN THEMSELVES BUT ARE NOT REPRODUCTIVE—ANIMALS WHICH ARE OF NEITHER SEX.
- CHAP. 88. (69.)—THE SENSES OF ANIMALS—THAT ALL HAVE THE SENSES OF TOUCH AND TASTE—THOSE WHICH ARE MORE REMARKABLE FOR THEIR SIGHT, SMELL, OR HEARING—MOLES—WHETHER OYSTERS HAVE THE SENSE OF HEARING.
- CHAP. 89. (70.)—WHICH FISHES HAVE THE BEST HEARING.
- CHAP. 90.—WHICH FISHES HAVE THE FINEST SENSE OF SMELL.
- CHAP. 91.—DIVERSITIES IN THE FEEDING OF ANIMALS.
- CHAP. 92. (72.)—ANIMALS WHICH LIVE ON POISONS.
- CHAP. 93.—ANIMALS WHICH LIVE ON EARTH—ANIMALS WHICH WILL NOT DIE OF HUNGER OR THIRST.
- CHAP. 94.—DIVERSITIES IN THE DRINKING OF ANIMALS.
- CHAP. 95. (74.)—ANTIPATHIES OF ANIMALS. PROOFS THAT THEY ARE SENSIBLE OF FRIENDSHIP AND OTHER AFFECTIONS.
- CHAP. 96.—INSTANCES OF AFFECTION SHOWN BY SERPENTS.
- CHAP. 97. (75.)—THE SLEEP OF ANIMALS.
- CHAP. 98.—WHAT ANIMALS ARE SUBJECT TO DREAMS.
- FOOTNOTES:
- ERRATA IN VOL. I.
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