On the Fourfold Root of the Principle of Sufficient Reason, and On the Will in Nature: Two Essays (revised edition)
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Chapters (504)
- TWO ESSAYS BY ARTHUR SCHOPENHAUER.
- TRANSLATOR'S PREFACE.
- CONTENTS.
- ON THE FOURFOLD ROOT OF THE PRINCIPLE OF SUFFICIENT REASON.
- THE AUTHOR'S PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION.
- EDITOR'S PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION.
- List of Additions to the Third Edition.
- EDITOR'S PREFACE TO THE FOURTH EDITION.
- CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION.
- § 1. The Method.
- § 2. Application of the Method in the present case.
- § 3. Utility of this Inquiry.
- § 4. Importance of the Principle of Sufficient Reason.
- § 5. The Principle itself.
- CHAPTER II. GENERAL SURVEY OF THE MOST IMPORTANT VIEWS HITHERTO HELD CONCERNING THE PRINCIPLE OF SUFFICIENT REASON.
- § 6. First Statement of the Principle and Distinction between Two of its Meanings.
- § 7. Descartes.
- § 8. Spinoza.
- § 9. Leibnitz.
- § 10. Wolf.
- § 11. Philosophers between Wolf and Kant.
- § 12. Hume.
- § 13. Kant and his School.
- § 14. On the Proofs of the Principle.
- CHAPTER III. INSUFFICIENCY OF THE OLD AND OUTLINES OF A NEW DEMONSTRATION.
- § 15. Cases which are not comprised among the old established meanings of the Principle.
- § 16. The Roots of the Principle of Sufficient Reason.
- CHAPTER IV. ON THE FIRST CLASS OF OBJECTS FOR THE SUBJECT, AND THAT FORM OF THE PRINCIPLE OF SUFFICIENT REASON WHICH PREDOMINATES IN IT.
- § 17. General Account of this Class of Objects.
- § 18. Outline of a Transcendental Analysis of Empirical Reality.
- § 19. Immediate Presence of Representations.
- § 20. Principle of Sufficient Reason of Becoming.
- § 21. À priori character of the conception of Causality. Intellectual Character of Empirical Perception. THE UNDERSTANDING.
- § 22. Of the Immediate Object.
- § 23. Arguments against Kant's Proof of the à priority of the conception of Causality.
- § 24. Of the Misapplication of the Law of Causality.
- § 25. The Time in which a Change takes place.
- CHAPTER V. ON THE SECOND CLASS OF OBJECTS FOR THE SUBJECT AND THE FORM OF THE PRINCIPLE OF SUFFICIENT REASON WHICH PREDOMINATES IN IT.
- § 26. Explanation of this Class of Objects.
- § 27. The Utility of Conceptions.
- § 28. Representatives of Conceptions. The Faculty of Judgment.
- § 29. Principle of Sufficient Reason of Knowing.
- § 30. Logical Truth.
- § 31. Empirical Truth.
- § 32. Transcendental Truth.
- § 33. Metalogical Truth.
- § 34. Reason.
- CHAPTER VI. ON THE THIRD CLASS OF OBJECTS FOR THE SUBJECT AND THAT FORM OF THE PRINCIPLE OF SUFFICIENT REASON WHICH PREDOMINATES IN IT.
- § 35. Explanation of this Class of Objects.
- § 36. Principle of the Sufficient Reason of Being.
- § 37. Reason of Being in Space.
- § 38. Reason of being in Time. Arithmetic.
- § 39. Geometry.
- CHAPTER VII. ON THE FOURTH CLASS OF OBJECTS FOR THE SUBJECT, AND THE FORM OF THE PRINCIPLE OF SUFFICIENT REASON WHICH PREDOMINATES IN IT.
- § 40. General Explanation.
- § 41. Subject of Knowledge and Object.
- § 42. The Subject of Volition.
- § 43. Willing. The Law of Motives (Motivation).
- § 44. Influence of the Will over the Intellect.
- § 45. Memory.
- CHAPTER VIII. GENERAL OBSERVATIONS AND RESULTS.
- § 46. The Systematic Order.
- § 47. Relation in Time between Reason and Consequence.
- § 48. Reciprocity of Reasons.
- § 49. Necessity.
- § 50. Series of Reasons and Consequences.
- § 51. Each Science has for its Guiding Thread one of the Forms of the Principle of Sufficient Reason in preference to the others.
- § 52. Two principal Results.
- ON THE WILL IN NATURE.
- PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION.
- EDITOR'S PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION.
- EDITOR'S PREFACE TO THE FOURTH EDITION.
- INTRODUCTION.
- PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY.
- COMPARATIVE ANATOMY.
- PHYSIOLOGY OF PLANTS.
- PHYSICAL ASTRONOMY.
- LINGUISTIC.
- ANIMAL MAGNETISM AND MAGIC.
- SINOLOGY.
- REFERENCE TO ETHICS.
- CONCLUSION.
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